Gesunder 24-jähriger Marathonläufer aus New York stirbt an seltener sportbedingter Erkrankung
NEW YORK (VINnews) – A 24-year-old woman who collapsed just two miles from the finish line of the New York City Marathon died hours later from a rare but potentially life-threatening condition associated with intense physical exertion, highlighting a little-known danger that can affect even otherwise healthy athletes.
Rachel Apa, of Lewisberry, Pennsylvania, was running her first New York City Marathon on Sunday when she collapsed in Central Park near mile 24. She was transported to Mount Sinai Medical Center, where she died at approximately 9:40 p.m., according to her father, Steve Apa, who spoke to The New York Times.
Her father said doctors attributed her death to rhabdomyolysis, commonly known as rhabdo, a condition in which damaged muscles rapidly break down and release proteins and electrolytes into the bloodstream.
Apa had been in excellent health and had spent months preparing for the race. A former Division I field hockey player at Bucknell University, she was running in memory of her grandfather, who died of Parkinson’s disease, and raising money for research into the disease.
Her death has drawn attention to exertional rhabdomyolysis, a condition that can develop following extreme or prolonged physical activity.
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Rhabdomyolysis occurs when skeletal muscle tissue breaks down and releases substances, including a protein called myoglobin and the electrolyte potassium, into the bloodstream.
The kidneys must filter these substances, but excessive amounts can damage kidney tissue and lead to acute kidney failure. Elevated potassium levels can also interfere with the heart’s electrical activity, potentially triggering dangerous irregular heart rhythms.
The condition can result from traumatic injuries, heat exposure, certain medications and prolonged physical exertion.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, rhabdomyolysis can affect people in excellent physical condition, including marathon runners, firefighters and professional athletes.
Who is at risk?
Exertional rhabdomyolysis is associated with unusually intense or prolonged exercise, particularly when people push beyond their physical limits without adequate recovery.
Marathon running, high-intensity interval training, CrossFit and demanding spin classes can all place considerable stress on muscles.
However, completing a marathon or participating in strenuous exercise does not automatically put someone at risk. The likelihood of developing the condition increases with excessive exertion, inadequate recovery and other contributing factors.
Dehydration does not directly cause rhabdomyolysis, but it can make complications more severe by reducing the kidneys’ ability to eliminate substances released by damaged muscles.
What symptoms should people watch for?
According to the CDC, the most common warning signs include muscle pain that is more severe than expected, muscle weakness and unusually dark urine resembling tea or cola.
Other symptoms can include muscle swelling, nausea, fever, unusual fatigue and reduced urination.
Importantly, symptoms may not appear immediately. They can develop hours or even several days after the initial muscle injury.
The CDC warns that symptoms can resemble ordinary muscle soreness, dehydration or heat-related illness, making medical evaluation important when symptoms are unusual or severe.
Can it be treated?
Yes. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical.
Doctors typically use blood tests measuring creatine kinase, an enzyme released when muscle tissue is damaged, to diagnose and monitor the condition.
Treatment depends on its severity and can include intravenous fluids to protect kidney function and help the body eliminate harmful substances. Severe cases may require hospitalization, treatment for dangerous heart rhythms or temporary dialysis if kidney failure develops.
The CDC emphasizes that prompt medical attention can prevent serious complications, and many patients recover fully when treated early.
Medical experts advise athletes to increase exercise intensity gradually, allow adequate recovery time and avoid pushing through unusually severe muscle pain or weakness.
Apa’s death is a tragic reminder that even athletes who appear to be in excellent physical condition can experience serious medical complications during extreme endurance events.
